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Riks?pplet : Arkeologiska perspektiv p? ett bortgl?mt regalskepp

機譯：國家強奸：遺忘的富豪船的考古學(xué)觀點

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摘要

Riks?pplet deals with a shipwreck that has a neglected position in the grand narrative of the history of the Swedish navy. The story of its destiny and the missing accounts in scholarly and popular works in history says something about heritage processes within Swedish maritime archaeology. On 5 June 1676 Riks?pplet came loose and adrift from its moorings outside Dalar? Sea fortress. The hull struck a rock and sank. The loss was considered both ignominious and embarrassing and the ship’s fate has been overlooked in all major history books. The rock onto which Riks?pplet sank was named ‘?pplet’ after the incident, and the wreck itself has become an integrated component of the underwater seascape. As a consequence the wreckage has never enjoyed a proper ‘discovery’ or undergone documentation under the sensational forms that many other famous shipwrecks have, even though they have sunk in more inconvenient places. In Eriksson’s study the official handling of Riks?pplet’s wrecked body is compared to the more wellknown ships Kronan and Sv?rdet, which both sank during battle only days before. Eriksson draws on different motifs and driving forces behind the study of naval wrecks from the period from his comparison, and the differences are discussed. Riks?pplet has never achieved a prominent position with the romanticising works of history that honour the national heroes and their deeds which are associated with this era of the Swedish Empire. The first half of the book thus sets out to unpack the ideas that have led to the relative disinterest in Riks?pplet in comparison to other shipwrecks. The second half of the book sets out to analyse Riks?pplet from a specific archaeological perspective, with focus on the ship as material culture. Eriksson’s departure is to explore the relatively low budget fieldwork that has been done at the wreck site. He the combines those facts with a survey of the artefacts recovered from the wreck, of which all are kept in museum archives and private collections. This, in addition to his studies of preserved written correspondence concerning the construction of the ship, has brought new insights into seventeenth-century shipbuilding and how the balance between the global political superpowers affected this trade. In this context Riks?pplet has great potential to show how military alliances are materialized through ships’ architecture.
機譯：Riks?pplet處理的沉船事故在瑞典海軍歷史的宏大敘事中被忽視。關(guān)于其命運的故事以及歷史上學(xué)術(shù)和流行著作中缺少記載的故事，都講述了瑞典海洋考古學(xué)中的遺產(chǎn)進程。 1676年6月5日，瑞克薩普萊特（Riks?pplet）從達拉洛海上要塞外的系泊設(shè)備中散落下來。船體撞向巖石并沉沒。損失被認為是卑鄙的和令人尷尬的，在所有主要歷史書籍中都忽略了船的命運。事件發(fā)生后，Riks?pplet下沉的巖石被命名為“?pplet”，沉船本身已成為水下海景的組成部分。結(jié)果，沉船從未經(jīng)歷過適當(dāng)?shù)摹鞍l(fā)現(xiàn)”，也沒有經(jīng)歷過許多其他著名沉船的轟動形式的記錄，即使沉船沉沒在不便之處。在埃里克森（Eriksson）的研究中，將里卡普萊特（Riks?pplet）殘骸的官方處理方法與更知名的克朗（Kronan）和史瓦德（Sv?rdet）船相提并論，后者僅在幾天前就沉沒了。埃里克森從他的比較時期開始，在研究海難的過程中借鑒了不同的主題和驅(qū)動力，并討論了差異。里克斯普萊特（Riks?pplet）的浪漫主義歷史作品從未取得過顯赫的地位，這些作品頌揚了與瑞典帝國時代相關(guān)的民族英雄及其事跡。因此，本書的前半部分著眼于解開導(dǎo)致與其他沉船相比對Riks?pplet相對不感興趣的想法。該書的下半部分著手從特定的考古學(xué)角度分析Riks?pplet，重點是作為物質(zhì)文化的船舶。埃里克森（Eriksson）的出發(fā)點是探索在沉船現(xiàn)場完成的預(yù)算相對較低的實地調(diào)查。他將這些事實與對從沉船中回收的文物的調(diào)查相結(jié)合，所有這些文物都保存在博物館檔案和私人收藏中。除了研究有關(guān)船舶構(gòu)造的書面函件外，他還為17世紀的造船業(yè)以及全球政治超級大國之間的平衡如何影響這種貿(mào)易帶來了新見解。在這種情況下，Riks?pplet具有很大的潛力，可以展示如何通過船舶的架構(gòu)來實現(xiàn)軍事同盟。

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  • 作者

    Eriksson, Niklas;

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  • 年度 2017
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